1.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
past_exam_quests_-_the_reformation.docx | |
File Size: | 16 kb |
File Type: | docx |
2.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
revision_questions_-_unit_7_-_reformation.docx | |
File Size: | 21 kb |
File Type: | docx |
3.
4.
5.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
lp2324_martin_luther_in_pictures.docx | |
File Size: | 841 kb |
File Type: | docx |
6.
MARTIN LUTHER
Martin Luther was born in Saxony in 1483 and decided to become an Augustinian monk after being caught in a thunder storm.
He studied theology and the Bible and disagreed with the Catholic Church's idea that faith and good works were required in order to get into heaven. He believed that the only way to get into heaven was to possess a genuine faith and belief in God. He called this Justification by Faith Alone.
Luther was not happy with some of the Catholic Church practices. He wrote to his bishop to complain about the sale of indulgences to raise money for St Peter’s Basilica (sold by John Tetzel). When his letter was ignored he nailed his 95 theses(arguments against the sale of indulgences) to the door of the castle church at Wittenberg.
His ideas spread quickly because of the printing press and he gained lots of support.
The pope sent a papal bull (letter) giving Luther 60 days to recant (take back) his teachings or be excommunicated. Luther refused and burned the papal bull in public.
The Pope asked the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V to tackle Luther. Luther was summoned to the Diet of Worms which was a meeting of the German Princes, Luther and Charles V. Again he refused to recant his teachings and he was condemned as a heretic.
In order to protect Luther, Frederick the Wise kidnapped him and hid him at his castle at Wartburg until things died down. Here, Luther translated the New Testament into German so that ordinary people could read the Bible in their own language.
By 1522 it was safe for Luther to return to Wittenberg where he took charge of religious changes there. Mass was replaced by a service in German. Luther's following began to grow (Lutherans) and soon other German states started to adopt his ideas. This led to unrest and soon war broke out between Protestant states and the emperor who had tried to ban Luther's ideas.
Luther married a former nun called Catherine von Bora and lived in Wittenberg where he wrote more pamphlets and hymns.
7.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/image.png)
luther_vs_catholic_church.png | |
File Size: | 34 kb |
File Type: | png |
8.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
lp26_john_calvin_notes.docx | |
File Size: | 16 kb |
File Type: | docx |
9.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
henry_viii.docx | |
File Size: | 14 kb |
File Type: | docx |
10.
11.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/rtf.png)
the_counter-reformation_ie_council_of_trent_and_formation_of_jesuits.docx | |
File Size: | 17 kb |
File Type: | docx |
12.
![](http://www.weebly.com/weebly/images/file_icons/pdf.png)
religious_persecution.pdf | |
File Size: | 259 kb |
File Type: |
13
RELIGIOUS WARS IN EUROPE
One of the negative aspects of the Reformation was the fact that horrible wars broke out between people in different countries because of religion. This was because some kings and queens saw it as their duty to protect their faith. Also, there was very little religious tolerance at this time and most rulers would not accept two religions in their country.
The wars began in Germany and lasted for ten years until the Treat of Augsburg was agreed. This treaty stated that each ruling prince would choose the religion of his people. However, religious wars continued in other parts of Europe for many years. The three countries which suffered most from religious wars were Germany, France and Switzerland.
RELIGIOUS WARS IN EUROPE
One of the negative aspects of the Reformation was the fact that horrible wars broke out between people in different countries because of religion. This was because some kings and queens saw it as their duty to protect their faith. Also, there was very little religious tolerance at this time and most rulers would not accept two religions in their country.
The wars began in Germany and lasted for ten years until the Treat of Augsburg was agreed. This treaty stated that each ruling prince would choose the religion of his people. However, religious wars continued in other parts of Europe for many years. The three countries which suffered most from religious wars were Germany, France and Switzerland.
14.
The Reformation in Ireland
The rulers of England wished that the Reformation would also spread to Ireland. They believed that if people in Ireland were Protestant, then they would be more loyal to the Crown. Henry VIII made himself Head of the Church of Ireland, dissolved monasteries and even had the Bible printed in Irish to help spread the Protestant faith, but he was not very successful. This was because:
(a) The Old English, who were descendants of the English settlers who had come to Ireland, refused to accept the new Church
(b) The Gaelic Irish remained Catholic because they were very suspicious of anything English.
Successive rulers met with similar problems and attempted to spread Protestantism by bringing Protestant settlers to Ireland - known as the Plantations. Despite an increase in the number of Protestant people in Ireland, the majority of Irish people remained Catholic.
.
The rulers of England wished that the Reformation would also spread to Ireland. They believed that if people in Ireland were Protestant, then they would be more loyal to the Crown. Henry VIII made himself Head of the Church of Ireland, dissolved monasteries and even had the Bible printed in Irish to help spread the Protestant faith, but he was not very successful. This was because:
(a) The Old English, who were descendants of the English settlers who had come to Ireland, refused to accept the new Church
(b) The Gaelic Irish remained Catholic because they were very suspicious of anything English.
Successive rulers met with similar problems and attempted to spread Protestantism by bringing Protestant settlers to Ireland - known as the Plantations. Despite an increase in the number of Protestant people in Ireland, the majority of Irish people remained Catholic.
.
15.